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The newest allies : Finland and Sweden in NATO / Tony Lawrence, Tomas Jermalavicius, Jan Hyllander

Lawrence, Tony ; Jermalavicius, Tomas, co-autor ; Hyllander, Jan, 1958-, co-autor

Tallinn : International Centre for Defence and Security, 2024

Report ; (mar. 2024)

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Documento integral disponível em: https://icds.ee/

Finland and Sweden’s decisions to apply to join NATO have been among the most notable geopolitical consequences of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This report examines, largely from the perspective of the security and defence of the Baltic states, the impact of their accession. This is very positive; nonetheless, some associated risks and challenges should also be acknowledged. While strong strategic cultures based on neutrality and non-alignment dominated for decades in Finland and Sweden, both have sought greater defence cooperation with NATO and with key partners since the end of the Cold War, especially in the past decade or so. Finland has long been alert to the threat posed by Russia and has developed armed forces to address independently any military violence. But the brutality of Russia’s full-scale attack on Ukraine led to a rapid and substantial shift in public opinion in favour of NATO membership, which was quickly embraced by the leadership. Renewed public appreciation of the threat from Russia ensured that the membership debate proceeded quickly in Sweden too, but the speed of Sweden’s shift was also influenced by a wish to take the NATO issue off the table ahead of the elections in September 2022, and by the inevitability of a quick positive decision in neighbouring Finland. The two countries submitted their applications to join NATO on the same day in May 2022. Finland became NATO’s 31st Ally on 4 April 2023 while Sweden joined on 7 March 2024. [Do resumo]

978-9916-709-23-8 ( pdf )

NATO; política de defesa; países NATO; Suécia; Finlândia

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